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In 2012, another independent gaming company based in Berlin, Germany known as Yager Development rose to the challenge by releasing Spec Ops: The Line. Many of the concepts introduced in Spec Ops were tailor-made for the modern military shooter such as the idea of working in a unit as opposed to being a lone wolf protagonist, but few predicted that the franchise would ever see a new installment nearly a decade after Airborne Division was cancelled. Due to a combination of superb marketing and critical acclaim from the press, the modern military shooter achieved a level of success and inspired several imitators much like 2D platformers did throughout the eighties and nineties. These games differed from their predecessors in that they usually depicted entirely fictional conflicts between real nations. Many years later, Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare was released, paving the way for a new subgenre of first-person shooters: the modern military shooter.
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Debuting in 1998, the Spec Ops franchise later saw several releases on platforms such as the PC, Dreamcast, and PlayStation before coming to an abrupt end in the early 2000s before it could truly find its audience. The game which resulted from this line of thinking was Spec Ops: Rangers Lead the Way. Rather than blazing through as a one-person army, the protagonist would have squadmates to whom the player could issue commands.
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However, the developers at Zombie Studios sought to go in a slightly different direction by introducing a tactical, third-person element to their games. Around this time, one genre in particular was rapidly gaining popularity: the first-person shooter. In 1994, an independent video game development company named Zombie Studios was founded in Seattle, Washington.